Umdlavuza Wendlala Yesitho Sangasese
Incazelo emfushane:
Umdlavuza we-prostate uyisimila esivamile esibi esivame ukutholakala lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza we-prostate ekhula futhi esakazeka emzimbeni wesilisa, futhi ukwanda kwaso kuyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula. Nakuba ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo futhi zithuthukise izinga lokusinda kweziguli. Umdlavuza we-prostate ungenzeka kunoma yimuphi ubudala, kodwa ngokuvamile uvame kakhulu kwabesilisa abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-60. Iningi leziguli ezinomdlavuza we-prostate ngamadoda, kodwa kungase kube nabesifazane nabantu abathandana nabobulili obufanayo.
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wendlala kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ubukhulu, indawo kanye nenani lamathumba, impilo yesiguli kanye nemigomo yohlelo lokwelashwa.
Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kuyindlela yokwelapha esebenzisa imisebe ukubulala noma ukunciphisa isimila. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ukwelapha umdlavuza wendlala yasekuqaleni kanye nomdlavuza osakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zendlala yabesilisa. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungenziwa ngaphandle noma ngaphakathi. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kwangaphandle kwelapha isimila ngokusebenzisa imithi ye-radiopharmaceuticals esimila bese kudonswa imisebe esikhumbeni. Imisebe yangaphakathi iphathwa ngokufaka izinhlayiya zemisebe emzimbeni wesiguli bese zidluliselwa egazini ziye esimila.
Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuyindlela yokwelapha esebenzisa amakhemikhali ukubulala noma ukunciphisa izimila. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ukwelapha umdlavuza wendlala yasekuqaleni kanye nomdlavuza osakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zendlala yamangqamuzana. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kungenziwa ngomlomo noma ngemithambo yegazi.
Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokuxilonga nokwelapha umdlavuza we-prostate ngokususwa noma nge-biopsy. Uma kwenziwa ngaphandle noma ngaphakathi, ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukusetshenziselwa umdlavuza we-prostate wokuqala kanye nomdlavuza osakazekela kwezinye izingxenye ze-prostate. Ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza we-prostate kuhilela ukususa i-prostate gland (i-radical prostatectomy), izicubu ezithile ezizungezile kanye nama-lymph node ambalwa. Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokwelapha umdlavuza ohlala kwi-prostate kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza we-prostate othuthukile kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
Siphinde sinikeze iziguli izindlela zokwelapha ze-Ablative, ezingabhubhisa izicubu ze-prostate ngokubanda noma ukushisa. Izinketho zingafaka:
●Izicubu ze-prostate eziqandisayo.Ukwelashwa nge-cryoablation noma i-cryotherapy yomdlavuza we-prostate kuhilela ukusebenzisa igesi ebandayo kakhulu ukuze kuqandiswe izicubu ze-prostate. Izicubu ziyavunyelwa ukuba zincibilike bese inqubo iphinda. Imijikelezo yokuqandisa nokuncibilika ibulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza kanye nezinye izicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile.
●Ukushisa izicubu ze-prostate.Ukwelashwa kwe-ultrasound egxile kakhulu (HIFU) kusebenzisa amandla e-ultrasound agxilile ukushisa izicubu ze-prostate futhi kubangele ukuthi zife.
Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingacatshangelwa ekwelapheni umdlavuza wendlala encane kakhulu lapho ukuhlinzwa kungenzeki. Zingasetshenziswa futhi ekwelapheni umdlavuza wendlala osezingeni eliphezulu uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokwelashwa ngemisebe, zingazange zisize.
Abacwaningi bafunda ukuthi i-cryotherapy noma i-HIFU yokwelapha ingxenye eyodwa ye-prostate kungaba yindlela yokwelapha umdlavuza otholakala kuphela kwi-prostate. Okubizwa ngokuthi "ukwelashwa okugxile," leli qhinga likhomba indawo ye-prostate equkethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza anolaka kakhulu futhi yelapha leyo ndawo kuphela. Izifundo zithole ukuthi ukwelashwa okugxile kunciphisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi.
I-immunotherapy isebenzisa amasosha omzimba wakho ukulwa nomdlavuza. Amasosha omzimba wakho alwa nezifo angase angawuhlaseli umdlavuza wakho ngoba amangqamuzana omdlavuza akhiqiza amaprotheni asiza ukuba acashe kumaseli amasosha omzimba. I-immunotherapy isebenza ngokuphazamisa leyo nqubo.
●Ukwakha amangqamuzana akho ukuze alwe nomdlavuza.Ukwelashwa kwe-Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) kuthatha amanye amangqamuzana akho omzimba, uwafakele izakhi zofuzo elabhorethri ukuze alwe nomdlavuza wendlala bese efaka amangqamuzana emzimbeni wakho ngomthambo. Kuyindlela yokwelapha umdlavuza wendlala osezingeni eliphezulu ongasaphenduli ekwelashweni ngama-hormone.
●Ukusiza amangqamuzana omzimba wakho ukuthi abone amangqamuzana omdlavuza.Imithi yokwelapha nge-immunotherapy esiza amangqamuzana omzimba ukuthi abone futhi ahlasele amangqamuzana omdlavuza iyindlela yokwelapha umdlavuza we-prostate osezingeni eliphezulu ongasaphenduli ekwelashweni ngama-hormone.
Ukwelashwa ngemithi okuqondiwe kugxila ezimeni ezithile ezingavamile ezikhona ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ngokuvimba lokhu kuphazamiseka, ukwelashwa ngemithi okuqondiwe kungabangela ukuba amangqamuzana omdlavuza afe. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha eziqondiwe zisebenza kuphela kubantu abanamangqamuzana omdlavuza anokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile. Amangqamuzana akho omdlavuza angase ahlolwe elabhorethri ukuze kubonwe ukuthi le mithi ingakusiza yini.
Ngamafuphi, umdlavuza we-prostate uyisifo esibi kakhulu, futhi kudingeka izindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha ukuze kuncishiswe ukuqhubekela phambili kwalesi sifo futhi kuthuthukiswe izinga lokusinda kweziguli. Kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni nasekulashweni kusenesikhathi, ngoba ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukufa kwesimila, kodwa futhi kunciphisa nobunzima besimila futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila.