Umdlavuza Wesibeletho
Incazelo emfushane:
Umdlavuza wesibeletho, owaziwa nangokuthi umdlavuza wesibeletho, uyisifo esivame kakhulu kwabesifazane endleleni yokuzala yabesifazane. I-HPV iyisici esibaluleke kakhulu sengozi yalesi sifo. Umdlavuza wesibeletho ungavinjelwa ngokuhlolwa njalo nokugonywa. Umdlavuza wesibeletho wasekuqaleni welapheka kakhulu futhi isibikezelo silungile.
I-Epidemiology
I-WHO yakhipha ngo-2018 ukuthi izinga lomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho emhlabeni wonke licishe libe yi-13 kubantu abayi-100000 eWei minyaka yonke, kanti izinga lokufa licishe libe yi-7 kubantu abayi-1000000 abashona ngenxa yomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Ngo-2018, kwakunezigameko ezintsha ezingaba ngu-569000 zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kanye nokufa okungu-311000, okungu-84% kuzo okwenzeka emazweni angaphansi kwentuthuko yokuhweba.
Ukugula nokufa komdlavuza wesibeletho emhlabeni wonke kwehle kakhulu eminyakeni engama-40 edlule, okuhlobene nokuqinisa imfundo yezempilo, ukugomela i-HPV kanye nokuhlolwa komdlavuza wesibeletho.
Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abaseminyakeni ephakathi (35-55). Amaphesenti angu-20 ezimo zenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 futhi azivamile entsheni.
Izindlela zokuxilonga umdlavuza wesibeletho:
1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-cytological kwe-curettage yomlomo wesibeletho.
Le ndlela ingathola izilonda zomlomo wesibeletho ngaphambi komdlavuza kanye nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ekuqaleni, ngoba kunezinga elingalungile elingama-5% mi 10%, ngakho-ke iziguli kufanele zihlolwe njalo.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-iodine.
I-epithelium evamile ye-cervical kanye ne-vaginal squamous epithelium icebile nge-glycogen futhi ingadayiswa ngesisombululo se-iodine, kuyilapho ukuguguleka kwe-cervical kanye ne-epithelium engavamile ye-squamous epithelium (kufaka phakathi i-hyperplasia engavamile, i-carcinoma in situ kanye ne-carcinoma ehlaselayo) azikho futhi ngeke zidayiswe.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy yomlomo wesibeletho kanye nomsele womlomo wesibeletho.
Uma i-cytology ye-cervical smear isezingeni Ⅲ ~ Ⅳ, kodwa i-biopsy yomlomo wesibeletho ingenayo imiphumela emihle, izicubu eziningi kufanele zithathwe ukuze zihlolwe ngokwe-pathological.
4. I-Colposcopy