Umdlavuza webele
Incazelo emfushane:
Isimila esibi sezicubu zebele. Emhlabeni, siwuhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu phakathi kwabesifazane, oluthinta ingxenye eyodwa kweziyi-13 kuya kwengxenye eyodwa kweziyi-9 yabesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-13 no-90. Futhi siwumdlavuza wesibili ovame kakhulu ngemva komdlavuza wamaphaphu (kufaka phakathi amadoda; ngoba umdlavuza webele wakhiwe yizicubu ezifanayo kwabesilisa nabesifazane, umdlavuza webele (RMG) ngezinye izikhathi uyenzeka kwabesilisa, kodwa inani lamacala abesilisa lingaphansi kuka-1% wenani eliphelele leziguli ezinalesi sifo).
Ochwepheshe be-WHO balinganisela ukuthi abantu abangu-800 000 emhlabeni wonke bafa ngengculaza minyaka yonke. Izigameko ezintsha eziyisigidi zomdlavuza webele. Inani lokufa komdlavuza phakathi kwabesifazane lisesigabeni sesibili. Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokutheleleka latholakala e-United States naseNtshonalanga Yurophu; Ngo-2005, kwatholakala amacala amasha angu-49548 (19.8% wezimila zabesifazane eziphelele) eRussia, kanye nokufa okungu-22830.
Umdlavuza webele uyisifo esithinta izici eziningi, ukukhula kwawo kuhlobene nezinguquko ze-genome yeseli ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto zangaphandle nama-hormone.
Isibonakaliso
Umdlavuza webele wasekuqaleni (Isigaba 1 kanye neSigaba 2) awunazimpawu futhi awubangeli ubuhlungu. Ukuya esikhathini kungaba buhlungu kakhulu, kanti ubuhlungu bebele buhlobene nomdlavuza webele. Ngokuvamile, umdlavuza webele utholakala ngaphambi kokuba isimila sibe nezimpawu eziqondile ezisobala - kungaba ngesikhathi se-mammography noma lapho owesifazane ezwa iqhubu ebeleni lakhe. Noma yisiphi isimila kumele siqanjwe ukuze kutholakale amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ukuxilongwa okunembile kakhulu kusekelwe emiphumeleni ye-biopsy yokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound. Amacala amaningi okuxilonga asesigabeni sesi-3 kanye nesigaba sesi-4 kuphela. Lapho isimila sibonakala ngeso lenyama, sinohlobo lwesilonda noma ubuningi obukhulu. Ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, kungase kube neziqhubu eziqhubekayo ekhwapheni noma ngaphezu kwe-clavicle: lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi ama-lymph node onakele, okungukuthi, ama-lymph node adluliselwa kuma-lymph node, okusobala ukuthi kubonakala esigabeni esilandelayo. I-Pain syndrome ihlotshaniswa nokuhluma kwesimila odongeni lwesifuba.
Ezinye izimpawu zesigaba esithuthukile (III-IV):
Ukuphuma kwesifuba okucacile noma okunegazi
Ukufinyela kwengono
Ngenxa yokuthi isimila siyamila esikhumbeni, umbala noma isakhiwo sesikhumba sebele siyashintsha.
Ezinye izimpawu zesigaba esithuthukile (III-IV)