Ukuvimbela Umdlavuza Wesisu

Ulwazi Olujwayelekile Mayelana Nomdlavuza Wesisu

Umdlavuza wesisu (wesisu) yisifo lapho amangqamuzana abulalayo (omdlavuza) akheka khona esiswini.

Isisu siyisitho esinomumo ofana no-J esiswini esingaphezulu. Siyingxenye yesimiso sokugaya ukudla, esicubungula izakhamzimba (amavithamini, amaminerali, ama-carbohydrate, amafutha, amaprotheni, namanzi) ekudleni okudliwayo futhi kusiza ekudluliseni izinto ezilahliwe emzimbeni. Ukudla kuhamba kusuka emphinjeni kuya esiswini ngepayipi elingenalutho, elinemisipha elibizwa ngokuthi i-esophagus. Ngemva kokuphuma esiswini, ukudla okugayiwe kancane kudlulela emathunjini amancane bese kungena emathunjini amakhulu.

Umdlavuza wesisuokwesineumdlavuza ovame kakhulu emhlabeni.

Ukuvimbela Umdlavuza Wesisu

Okulandelayo yizinto ezibangela umdlavuza wesisu:

1. Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha

Ukuba nanoma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezilandelayo kungandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu:

• Ukutheleleka kwesisu yi-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).
• I-metaplasia yamathumbu (isimo lapho amaseli azungeze isisu ethathelwa indawo amaseli avame ukujikeleza amathumbu).
• I-atrophic gastritis engapheli (ukuncipha kolwelwesi lwesisu okubangelwa ukuvuvukala kwesisu isikhathi eside).
• I-anemia eyingozi (uhlobo lwe-anemia olubangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12).
• Ama-polyp esisu (esiswini).

2. Izimo ezithile zofuzo

Izimo zofuzo zingandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu kubantu abananoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Umama, ubaba, udadewabo, noma umfowabo oke waba nomdlavuza wesisu.
• Igazi lohlobo A.
• I-Li-Fraumeni syndrome.
• I-Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).
• Umdlavuza wamathumbu ongenayo i-polyposis ozuzwe njengefa (i-HNPCC; i-Lynch syndrome).

3. Ukudla

Ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu inganda kubantu aba:

• Yidla ukudla okunezithelo nemifino eningi.
• Yidla ukudla okunosawoti omningi noma okubhemayo.
• Yidla ukudla okungalungiswanga noma okungagcinwanga ngendlela okufanele kulungiswe ngayo.

4. Izimbangela zemvelo

Izici zemvelo ezingase zandise ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu zifaka:

• Ukuchayeka emisebeni.
• Ukusebenza embonini yerabha noma yamalahle.

Ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu iyanda kubantu abavela emazweni lapho umdlavuza wesisu uvame khona.

Lokhu okulandelayo kuyizici zokuvikela ezinganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu:

1. Ukuyeka ukubhema

Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukubhema kuhlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza wesisu. Ukuyeka ukubhema noma ukungabhemi kunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu. Ababhemayo abayeka ukubhema banciphisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesisu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

2. Ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-Helicobacter pylori

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukutheleleka okungapheli ngebhaktheriya i-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) kuhlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza wesisu. Lapho i-H. pylori ihlasela isisu, isisu singase sivuvuke futhi sibangele izinguquko emaselini azungeze isisu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lawa maseli aba angajwayelekile futhi angaba umdlavuza.

Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori ngama-antibiotic kunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu. Kudingeka izifundo ezengeziwe ukuthola ukuthi ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori ngama-antibiotic kunciphisa yini inani labantu ababulawa umdlavuza wesisu noma kugcina izinguquko elangeni lesisu, ezingaholela kumdlavuza, zingabi zimbi kakhulu.

Ucwaningo olulodwa luthole ukuthi iziguli ezazisebenzisa ama-proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-H. pylori zazinamathuba amaningi okuthola umdlavuza wesisu kunalezo ezazingasebenzisi ama-PPI. Kudingeka izifundo ezengeziwe ukuthola ukuthi ama-PPI aholela yini kumdlavuza ezigulini ezelashelwe i-H. pylori.

Akwaziwa ukuthi lezi zinto ezilandelayo ziyanciphisa yini ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu noma azinawo umthelela engcupheni yomdlavuza wesisu:

1. Ukudla

Ukungadli izithelo nemifino emisha ngokwanele kuhlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza wesisu. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukudla izithelo nemifino equkethe i-vitamin C ephezulu kanye ne-beta carotene kunganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu. Izifundo zikhombisa nokuthi okusanhlamvu okuphelele, ama-carotenoid, itiye eliluhlaza, nezinto ezitholakala kugalikhi kunganciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukudla ukudla okunosawoti omningi kungandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu. Abantu abaningi e-United States manje badla usawoti omncane ukuze banciphise ingozi yabo yomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Lokhu kungaba yingakho amazinga omdlavuza wesisu ehlile e-US

2. Izithasiselo zokudla

Akwaziwa ukuthi ukuthatha amavithamini athile, amaminerali, kanye nezinye izithako zokudla kuyasiza yini ukunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu. E-China, ucwaningo lwe-beta carotene, i-vitamin E, kanye nezithasiselo ze-selenium ekudleni lubonise inani eliphansi lokufa ngenxa yomdlavuza wesisu. Ucwaningo kungenzeka ukuthi luhlanganise abantu ababengenazo lezi zakhi ekudleni kwabo okuvamile. Akwaziwa ukuthi izithako zokudla ezengeziwe ziyoba nomphumela ofanayo kubantu asebevele bedla ukudla okunempilo.

Ezinye izifundo azibonisanga ukuthi ukuthatha izithasiselo zokudla ezifana ne-beta carotene, i-vitamin C, i-vitamin E, noma i-selenium kunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu.

Izivivinyo zemitholampilo zokuvimbela umdlavuza zisetshenziselwa ukutadisha izindlela zokuvimbela umdlavuza.

Izivivinyo zemitholampilo zokuvimbela umdlavuza zisetshenziselwa ukutadisha izindlela zokunciphisa ingozi yezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Ezinye izivivinyo zokuvimbela umdlavuza zenziwa ngabantu abaphilile abangakaze babe nomdlavuza kodwa abasengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza. Ezinye izivivinyo zokuvimbela zenziwa ngabantu abaye baba nomdlavuza futhi abazama ukuvimbela omunye umdlavuza wohlobo olufanayo noma ukunciphisa amathuba abo okuthola uhlobo olusha lomdlavuza. Ezinye izivivinyo zenziwa ngokuzithandela abanempilo abangaziwa ukuthi banezici eziyingozi zomdlavuza.

Inhloso yezinye izivivinyo zezokwelapha zokuvimbela umdlavuza ukuthola ukuthi izenzo abantu abazithathayo zingawuvimbela yini umdlavuza. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukudla izithelo nemifino, ukuzivocavoca, ukuyeka ukubhema, noma ukuthatha imithi ethile, amavithamini, amaminerali, noma izithasiselo zokudla.

Izindlela ezintsha zokuvimbela umdlavuza wesisu ziyafundwa ezivivinyweni zemitholampilo.

Umthombo:http://www.chinancpcn.org.cn/cancerMedicineClassic/guideDetail?sId=CDR62850&type=1