Umdlavuza webele
Incazelo emfushane:
Isimila esiyingozi sezicubu ze-breast gland.Emhlabeni, uwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza kubantu besifazane, uhlasela u-1/13 kuya ku-1/9 wabesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-13 no-90. Futhi ungowesibili umdlavuza ovame kakhulu ngemva komdlavuza wamaphaphu (kuhlanganisa namadoda; ngoba umdlavuza webele eyakhiwe ngezicubu ezifanayo kwabesilisa nabesifazane, umdlavuza webele (RMG) ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka emadodeni, kodwa inani lamacala abesilisa lingaphansi kwe-1% yenani eliphelele leziguli ezinalesi sifo).
Ongoti be-WHO balinganisela ukuthi bangu-800000 abantu emhlabeni wonke ababulawa ingculazi minyaka yonke.Iziguli ezintsha eziyisigidi zomdlavuza webele.Inani lokufa komdlavuza kwabesifazane lisendaweni yesibili.Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lezigameko latholakala e-United States naseNtshonalanga Yurophu;Ngo-2005, kwatholakala amacala amasha angu-49548 (19.8% wesamba sezimila zabesifazane) eRussia, nokufa kwabantu abangu-22830.
Umdlavuza webele yisifo se-multifactorial, ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kuhlobene nezinguquko ze-cell genome ngaphansi kwethonya lezici zangaphandle namahomoni.
Uphawu
Umdlavuza webele wangaphambi kwesikhathi (Isigaba 1 kanye neSigaba 2) awunazimpawu futhi awubangeli buhlungu.Ukuya esikhathini kungase kube buhlungu kakhulu, futhi ubuhlungu bebele buhlobene nomdlavuza webele.Ngokuvamile, umdlavuza webele utholwa ngaphambi kokuba isimila sibe nezimpawu eziqondile ezisobala - kungaba ngesikhathi se-mammography noma lapho owesifazane ezwa isigaxa ebeleni lakhe.Noma yisiphi isimila kufanele siqanjwe ukuze kutholwe amaseli omdlavuza.Ukuxilongwa okunembile kakhulu kusekelwe emiphumeleni ye-flutter biopsy yokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic.Amacala amaningi okuxilonga asesigabeni sesi-3 kanye nesigaba 4 kuphela. Uma isimila sibonakala ngeso lenyama, sinesimo sezilonda noma isisindo esikhulu.Ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, kungase kube nezigaxa eziqhubekayo ekhwapheni noma ngaphezu kwe-clavicle: lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi ama-lymph nodes awonakele, okungukuthi, ama-lymph nodes adluliselwa kuma-lymph nodes, okusobala ukuthi abonakaliswa esigabeni sakamuva.I-Pain syndrome ihlotshaniswa nokuhluma kwesimila odongeni lwesifuba.
Ezinye izimpawu zesigaba esithuthukisiwe (III-IV):
Ukuphuma kwegazi okucacile noma okunegazi kwesifuba
Ukufinyela kwengono
Ngenxa yokuthi isimila simila esikhumbeni, umbala noma ukwakheka kwesikhumba sebele kuyashintsha.
Ezinye izimpawu zesigaba esiphezulu (III-IV)