Ngokusho kwe-International Agency for Research on Cancer yeWorld Health Organisation, ngonyaka ka-2020, iChina yaba namacala amasha omdlavuza acishe abe yizigidi ezi-4.57, kanti umdlavuza wamaphaphu wawubalelwa ku-820,000.NgokweSikhungo Somdlavuza Kazwelonke saseChina "Iziqondiso Zokuhlolelwa Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu kanye Nokuhlonzwa Kwasenesikhathi Nokwelashwa E-China," izinga lokushona komdlavuza wamaphaphu eChina libalelwa ku-37% kanye no-39.8% wezibalo zomhlaba, ngokulandelana.Lezi zibalo zidlula kude inani labantu baseShayina, okungaba ngu-18% wabantu bomhlaba.
Incazelo kanyeIzinhlobo ezingaphansiwomdlavuza wamaphaphu
Incazelo:Umdlavuza wamaphaphu oyinhloko, owaziwa ngokuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu, uyisimila esiyingozi esivame kakhulu esivela kuqhoqhoqho, i-bronchial mucosa, i-bronchi encane, noma izindlala emaphashini.
Ngokusekelwe kuzici ze-histopathological, umdlavuza wamaphaphu ungahlukaniswa ube umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongewona omncane (80% -85%) kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu omncane wamangqamuzana (15% -20%), onezinga eliphezulu lobubi.Umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongewona omncane uhlanganisa i-adenocarcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, kanye ne-cell carcinoma enkulu.
Ngokusekelwe endaweni okwenzeka kuyo, umdlavuza wamaphaphu ungaphinde uhlukaniswe njengomdlavuza wamaphaphu omaphakathi kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu we-peripheral.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Pathological of Lung Cancer
I-Central Lung Cancer:Isho umdlavuza wamaphaphu osuka ku-bronchi ngaphezu kwezinga lesigaba, ikakhulukazi ehlanganisai-squamous cell carcinoma kanye nomdlavuza omncane wamaphaphu. Ukuxilongwa kwe-pathological kungatholwa nge-fiber bronchoscopy.Ukuhlinza kabusha umdlavuza wamaphaphu omaphakathi kuyinselele, futhi kuvame ukukhawulelwa ekukhipheni kabusha lonke iphaphu elithintekile.Iziguli zingase zibe nobunzima bokubekezelela inqubo, futhi ngenxa yesiteji esithuthukisiwe, ukuhlasela kwendawo, i-metastasis ye-lymph node ye-mediastinal, nezinye izici, imiphumela yokuhlinzwa ingase ingabi yinto enhle, enengozi enkulu ye-bone metastasis.
Umdlavuza wamaphaphu we-Peripheral Lung:Isho umdlavuza wamaphaphu owenzeka ngaphansi kwe-segmental bronchi,Ngokuyinhloko kufaka phakathi i-adenocarcinoma. Ukuxilongwa kwe-pathological ngokuvamile kutholakala nge-percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy eqondiswa yi-CT.Emisebenzini yomtholampilo, umdlavuza wamaphaphu we-peripheral ngokuvamile awunazimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala futhi uvame ukutholakala ngengozi phakathi nokuhlolwa komzimba.Uma kutholwa kusenesikhathi, ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokwelapha eyinhloko, okulandelwa i-adjuvant chemotherapy noma ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe.
Ezigulini ezinomdlavuza wamaphaphu ezingafaneleki ukuhlinzwa, zinokuxilongwa okuqinisekisiwe kwe-pathological okudinga ukwelashwa okulandelayo, noma zidinga ukulandelelwa njalo noma ukwelashwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa,Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile nokufanelekile kubaluleke kakhulu.Sithanda ukukwazisa kuUDkt. An Tongtong, uchwepheshe owaziwayo we-thoracic oncology oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 yesipiliyoni se-oncology yezokwelapha eMnyangweni we-Thoracic Oncology, esibhedlela sase-Beijing University Cancer.
Isazi Esidumile: UDkt. An Tongtong
Udokotela Omkhulu, Udokotela Wezokwelapha.Ngokuhlangenwe nakho kocwaningo e-MD Anderson Cancer Center e-United States, kanye nelungu lekomiti lentsha le-Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Lung Cancer Professional Committee.
Izindawo Zobungcweti:I-Chemotherapy kanye nokwelashwa okuhlosiwe kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza wamaphaphu, i-thymoma, i-mesothelioma, nezinqubo zokuxilonga nezokwelashwa ezifana ne-bronchoscopy kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-thoracic okusizwa ngevidiyo kwezokwelapha zangaphakathi.
UDkt. An wenze ucwaningo olujulile mayelana nokumiswa kanye nokwelashwa okuphelele kwemikhakha eminingi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu osezingeni eliphezulu,ikakhulukazi esimeni sokwelashwa okuphelele komuntu ngamunye komdlavuza wamaphaphu weseli ongewona omncane.UDkt. An unolwazi kuziqondiso zakamuva zamazwe ngamazwe zokuxilonga nezokwelashwa zamathumba esifuba.Phakathi nokubonisana, uDkt. An uwuqonda ngokugcwele umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli futhi uqapha ngokucophelela izinguquko zesifo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ubuye abuze ngokucophelela mayelana nezinhlelo zangaphambilini zokuxilonga nezokwelashwa ukuze aqinisekise ukulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi kohlelo lokwelashwa olulungiselelwe isiguli.Ezigulini ezisanda kuxilongwa, imibiko ehlobene kanye nokuhlolwa ngokuvamile akuphelele.Ngemva kokuthola ukuqonda okucacile komlando wezokwelapha, uDkt. An uzochaza ngokucacile isu lokwelapha lesi simo samanje esigulini nakumalungu omndeni waso.Uyophinde anikeze isiqondiso lapho kudingeka ukuhlola okwengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uphethwe yini, aqinisekise ukuthi amalungu omkhaya ayaqonda ngokugcwele ngaphambi kokubavumela kanye nesiguli ukuba baphume ekamelweni lokubonisana ngokuthula kwengqondo.
Amacala akamuva
UMnu. Wang, isiguli esineminyaka engu-59 ubudala se-adenocarcinoma esine-systemic metastases eminingi, wafuna ukwelashwa eBeijing phakathi nalolu bhubhane ngasekupheleni kuka-2022. Ngenxa yemikhawulo yokuhamba ngaleso sikhathi, kwadingeka athole umzuliswano wakhe wokuqala wokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali endaweni eseduze. esibhedlela ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa kwe-pathology.Kodwa-ke, uMnu. Wang wabhekana nobuthi obubalulekile be-chemotherapy kanye nesimo somzimba esibi ngenxa ye-hypoalbuminemia ehambisanayo.
Lapho esondela emzuliswaneni wakhe wesibili wokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, umndeni wakhe, ukhathazekile ngesimo sakhe, wabuza ngochwepheshe bukaDkt.Ngemva kokubuyekezwa okuningiliziwe komlando wezokwelapha, uDkt. An unikeze izincomo zokwelashwa.Ngenxa yamazinga aphansi e-albumin kaMnu. Wang kanye nokusabela kwe-chemotherapy, uDkt. An ulungise uhlobo lwe-chemotherapy ngokufaka esikhundleni se-paclitaxel nge-pemetrexed kuyilapho ehlanganisa ama-bisphosphonates ukuze avimbele ukubhujiswa kwamathambo.
Lapho ethola imiphumela yokuhlolwa kofuzo, uDkt. An waqhubeka wafanisa uMnu. Wang nokwelashwa okuhlosiwe okufanele, i-Osimertinib.Ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva, ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kokulandelela, umndeni kaMnu Wang wabika ukuthi isimo sakhe sithuthukile, ngezimpawu ezincishisiwe kanye nekhono lokuhlanganyela emisebenzini efana nokuhamba, ukuchelela izitshalo, nokushanela phansi ekhaya.Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kokulandelela, uDkt. An weluleka uMnu. Wang ukuthi aqhubeke nohlelo lokwelapha lwamanje futhi ahlolwe njalo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-31-2023